FEDRESOURCE: Federated Learning Based Resource Allocation in Modern Wireless Networks

Deep reinforcement learning can effectively deal with resource allocation (RA) in wireless networks. However, more complex networks can have slower learning speeds, and a lack of network adaptability requires new policies to be learned for newly introduced systems. To address these issues, a novel federated learning-based resource allocation (FEDRESOURCE) has been proposed in this paper which efficiently performs RA in wireless networks. The proposed FEDRESOURCE technique uses federated learning (FL) which is a ML technique that shares the DRL-based RA model between distributed systems and a cloud server to describe a policy. The regularized local loss that occurs in the network will be reduced by using a butterfly optimization technique, which increases the convergence of the FL algorithm. The suggested FL framework speeds up policy learning and allows for adoption by employing deep learning and the optimization technique. Experiments were conducted using a Python-based simulator and detailed numerical results for the wireless RA sub-problems. The theoretical results of the novel FEDRESOURCE algorithm have been validated in terms of transmission power, convergence of algorithm, throughput, and cost. The proposed FEDRESOURCE technique achieves maximum transmit power up to 27%, 55%, and 68% energy efficiency compared to Scheduling policy, Asynchronous FL framework, and Heterogeneous computation schemes respectively. The proposed FEDRESOURCE technique can increase discrimination accuracy by 1.7%, 1.2%, and 0.78% compared to the scheduling policy framework, Asynchronous FL framework, and Heterogeneous computation schemes respectively

Effect of COVID-19 crisis on medical students

COVID-19 pandemic demands and pressures that medical students face mental, physical and spiritual well being can be compromised. Hence this review highlights the beneficial targets to improve mental health in medical students. Collected recent articles from search engines Pub med, Google Scholar, published recently relevant to the COVID-19 pandemic from all over world. Provide routine schedules as much as possible by online services or provide e-services to create new environment, novel consultation and giving time gap in e-assignments, ask them to do the regular exercises may improve the mental health and decrease the stress of the medical students. Hence Avoiding of constant stream of news reports about an outbreak can cause anyone to feel anxious or distressed

Urinary brush border enzymes for early diagnosis of tubular dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: Diabetic nephropathy is a major cause of premature morbidity and mortality in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hence new markers with better sensitivities are being investigated. The study was taken up to investigate whether urinary activities of N-acetyl-β-D-glycosaminidase (NAG), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase LDH) and Gamma glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) can be used as screening markers of renal dysfunction in patients suffering from T2DM.Methods: One hundred and four patients with T2DM along with 30 age- and gender-matched healthy individuals were included in the study. Patients were divided into three groups based on their u-MA levels i.e. normoalbuminuric (group1), micro albuminuric (group 2) and macroalbuminuric (group 3).Results: Urinary enzymes activity was significantly higher in patients with T2DM compared to controls (p<0.05). NAG, ALP, LDH, and GGT were significantly higher in group 3 compared to group1 and group 2 (p<0.0001). NAG, ALP, LDH and GGT showed significant positive correlation with MA (p=0.0001, r=0.308; p=0.0001, r=0.369; p=0.002, r=0.304, p=0.044, r=0.202 respectively). GGT and LDH showed highest sensitivity (86.21%, 84.00% respectively) and specificity (78.57%,53.49% respectively) for diagnosing renal dysfunction in patients with normoalbuminuria.Conclusions: The study suggests that u-GGT and LDH can be useful markers for assessing renal dysfunction in T2DM patients even before microalbuminuria manifests

Could homocysteine, angiotensin and alamandine be used as potential biomarkers in management of COVID-19?

The corona virus is now known as the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Risk predictors and novel predictors associated with COVID-19 is required to enable the risk stratification, guide interventional studies to target patients at enhanced risk of developing severe disease risk and optimize the allocation of limited human and technical resources in the ongoing pandemic all over the globe. The present review focused on potential laboratory biomarkers associated with COVID-19. We carried out an electronic search in Medline (PubMed central), Scopus, Web of Science and using the keywords laboratory, biomarkers, novel biomarkers, corona virus 2019 or COVID-19. We observed that limited data were found that related to homocysteine and angiotensin II in COVID-19 patients. Hence original research on these novel biomarkers which associated with the complication of COVID-19 might be given new clues especially that mediate anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects leading to cardiovascular, renal-protective actions. The present review proposed by the available literature, these predictors might be the potent biomarkers to improve management of corona virus. Further, large cohort studies will be required to support conclusions of present review

Qualitative and quantitative approach towards the molecular understanding of structural, vibrational and optical features of urea ninhydrin monohydrate

In this study, single crystals of urea ninhydrin monohydrate (UNMH) have been grown by slow evaporation method. The grown crystals were characterized by FT-IR, FT-Raman and UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopies. The Kurtz and Perry powder method was employed to confirm the near-zero SHG efficiency of the as-grown centrosymmetric UNMH crystal. The third order nonlinearity of the crystal has been studied by the open aperture Z-scan method. The nonlinear absorption coefficient is calculated and the potentiality of UNMH in optical limiting applications is identified. The molecular geometry and the origin of optical non-linearity at the molecular level have been investigated by the density functional theory. The normal coordinate analysis was carried out to assign the molecular vibrational modes. Vibrational spectral studies confirms the presence of weak O-H ... O and moderate O-H ... O type hydrogen bonds in the molecule as well as O-H ... O, N-H ... O and blue-shifted C-H ... O type H-bonds in the crystal. The intramolecular charge transfer interactions and the electronic absorption mechanisms have been discussed. The static and the dynamic values of hyperpolarizabilities for UNMH were estimated theoretically by DFT methods. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe

MEASURING THE PERFORMANCE OF HANDOFF IN HETEROGENEOUS WIRELESS NETWORKS USING NETWORK LAYER PROTOCOL 1 2

Abstract Future wireless Internet access will be dominated by 3G wide area cellular networks and hot spot wireless LANs. Wired connections usually provide high speed, reliable access to the Internet; wireless network technology enables users to access customized Internet services even when they are moving. If a user wishes to have an uninterrupted Internet service, while frequently switching from one network connection to another, a seamless handoff solution with low latency and low packet loss is mandatory [Ling-Jyh Chen et al]. Wireless technology eradicated the limitation of users mobility and device portability. Among various wireless access technology wireless LAN and cellular network have turned out to be the most widely deployed infrastructures providing mobile access to voice and data services upon users needs. Moving from one subnet to another causes a handoff. During handoff, a mobile node point of attachment to the fixed network is transferred to another. This causes a disruption in the ongoing data flow. If handoff is not handled properly, it causes user perceivable degradation of quality of service. We have analyzed and compare different protocol for handoff, by introducing new features

Rhodobacter vinaykumarii sp. nov., a marine phototrophic alphaproteobacterium from tidal waters

A rod-shaped, phototrophic, purple non-sulfur bacterium was isolated in pure culture from seawater collected from the seashore of Visakhapatnam, on the east coast of India, in a medium that contained 2 % NaCl (w/v). Strain JA123(T) was Gram-negative and non-motile and had a requirement for NaCl. Photo-organoheterotrophic and chemo-organoheterotrophic growth occurred with organic compounds as carbon sources and electron donors. Photolithoautotrophic, chemolithoautotrophic and fermentative growth could not be demonstrated. Strain JA123(T) contained vesicular intracellular photosynthetic membrane structures. Bacteriochlorophyll a and probably carotenoids of the spheroidene series were present as photosynthetic pigments. Biotin was required for growth. Phylogenetic analysis on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JA123(T) clustered with species of the genus Rhodobacter. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and morphological and physiological characteristics, strain JA123(T) is sufficiently different from other Rhodobacter species to propose a novel species, Rhodobacter vinaykumarii sp. nov., to accommodate this strain; the type strain is JA123(T) (=DSM 18714(T) =JCM 14544(T) =CCUG 54311(T))

Two novel species of marine phototrophic Gammaproteobacteria: Thiorhodococcus bheemlicus sp. nov. and Thiorhodococcus kakinadensis sp. nov.

Two coccoid phototrophic purple sulfur bacteria were isolated from marine habitats (marine aquaculture pond near Bheemli, Visakhapatnam and marine tidal waters from a fishing harbour, Kakinada) in a medium that contained 3 % NaCl (w/v). Strains JA132T and JA130T are Gram-negative, motile cocci with a single flagellum. Both have an obligate requirement for NaCl. Intracellular photosynthetic membranes are of the vesicular type. Bacteriochlorophyll a and most probably carotenoids of the spirilloxanthin series were present as photosynthetic pigments. Both strains were able to grow photolithoautotrophically and photolithoheterotrophically. Chemotrophic and fermentative growth could not be demonstrated. There is no vitamin requirement for strain JA132T, while strain JA130T requires niacin, biotin and pantothenate as growth factors. Phylogenetic analysis on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that both strains cluster with species of the genus Thiorhodococcus belonging to the Gammaproteobacteria. The DNA G+C contents of strains JA132T and JA130T were 65.5 and 57.5 mol%, respectively. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, morphological and physiological characteristics, strains JA132T and JA130T are significantly different from each other and from other species of the genus Thiorhodococcus and are recognized as two novel species, for which the names Thiorhodococcus bheemlicus sp. nov. and Thiorhodococcus kakinadensis sp. nov. are proposed. The type strains of T. bheemlicus sp. nov. and T. kakinadensis sp. nov. are JA132T (=MTCC 8120T=ATCC BAA-1362T=JCM 14149T=DSM 18805T) and JA130T (=ATCC BAA-1353T=DSM 18858T=JCM 14150T), respectivel

Rhodovulum visakhapatnamense sp. nov.

A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, phototrophic bacterium (JA181T) was isolated from a tidal water sample. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain JA181T was shown to belong to the class Alphaproteobacteria, most closely related to Rhodovulum sulfidophilum (97.8 % similarity to the type strain), Rhodovulum adriaticum (93 %), Rhodovulum robiginosum (93 %), Rhodovulum iodosum (94 %), Rhodovulum imhoffii (94 %), Rhodovulum strictum (95 %), Rhodovulum euryhalinum (94.6 %) and Rhodovulum marinum (94.6 %). DNA–DNA hybridization with Rdv. sulfidophilum DSM 1374T (relatedness of 39 % with strain JA181T) and physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain JA181T from the eight Rhodovulum species with validly published names. Strain JA181T therefore represents a novel species, for which the name Rhodovulum visakhapatnamense sp. nov. is proposed (type strain JA181T =JCM 13531T =ATCC BAA-1274T =DSM 17937T)